Joint pain is usually associated with diseases of the elderly.However, this is not entirely true.There are many diseases that can cause this symptom at a fairly young age.What to do if the joints of the fingers hurt, and what reasons do this provoke?
Anatomy
In the entire musculoskeletal system there are more than 300 joints.Some are involved in human movements constantly, others function less often.The most mobile are the joints of the fingers.In addition, they are small enough, which increases the likelihood of their damage at the slightest exceeding the load.
The joint is the place of the bone connection that is surrounded by:
- Synovial fluid;
- Hyaline cartilage;
- Joint bag;
- Synovial shell.
The pathologies of any of the above structure leads to various diseases that are reflected throughout the joint and provoke pain.
Diseases for pain in the fingers
Each finger has 3 bones and 3 joints.The cause of pain can be an inflammatory or traumatic nature.
Below are the main diseases in which articular pain in the hand may appear.
Arthritis
This is a disease of inflammatory etiology.It can flow both acutely and chronically.The joint itself and adjacent tissues are subjected to inflammation.
Symptoms of arthritis:
- Pain during movement or at rest;
- Local edema;
- Redness and local fever;
- Crunch;
- Limitation of mobility;
- Change of form.
Rheumatoid arthritis
The connective tissue is inflamed, and the symptoms are more often concerned about the middle and index finger of the hand.The characteristic features are the symmetry of the lesion on both brushes and the increase in pain at night.
In the absence of treatment, the disease from small joints can spread to larger ones.
Gout
It occurs due to a violation of metabolism, in particular, purines.The accumulation of salts in the joint provokes an inflammatory process, pain and limitation of mobility.
It begins, as a rule, on the thumb of the leg, and then spreads to other joints.Inflamed and enlarged bones are very swollen and baked.An exacerbation can drag on to several weeks.
Psoriatic inflammation
The defeat is not symmetrical.All the bones on the finger are aching.The disease leads to deformation of the joints, as a result of which the fingers of two hands look different.
When infection gets into the bones or other structural elements of the joint, infectious arthritis appears.How to treat such a disease depends on the nature of the pathogen and localization of the lesion.
Such pathologies are accompanied by additional symptoms:
- General intoxication;
- Increasing body temperature;
- Violation of the patient's condition.
Streaming ligamation
It occurs with damage to the ligament.The pain appears in all the fingers of the hand, except for the little finger.The patient complains of burning and numbness, bluishness and swelling are visually visible.With this disease, the knuckles of the fingers are poorly extended.Symptoms are concerned mainly in the morning.Inflammation of the thumbs of the thumb is called de Cerven's disease.
Osteoarthrosis
This is the name of the condition when the cartilage is destroyed.Why is this happening?The causes can be hidden in hormonal or metabolic disorders, genetic predisposition, long -term increased loads.
The patient is worried:
- Movement restriction;
- Crunch;
- In the morning, the joint is aching and not bending;
- Strengthening discomfort at load.
When the joint of the thumb on the arm hurts, risartrosis is possible, which is also a degenerative disease.If the thumb experiences a constant load, the probability of a problem increases.
Osteomyelitis
The cause is bacteria that trigger a purulent-non-chorotic process in the joints and soft tissues.General symptoms join local symptoms - fever, headache, and malaise.
The consequence may be the curvature of bones and the immobility of the joints.
Bursitis
Inflammation is localized in articular bags, where the liquid begins to accumulate.You can notice that the finger is swollen, does not bend, and a sharp pain occurs on palpation.The process is possible to join the secondary infection and the beginning of purulent bursitis.
Vascular disorders
If the pain is accompanied by certain changes in the skin (cyanosis, cooling, and then redness), the angiospastic crisis of peripheral vessels can be assumed.
Neuropathy
The trauma of the radiant joint of the left hand provokes pain in the fingers of this brush.At the advanced stages, the joints are very difficult to bend and bend.Reino syndrome also refers to disorders of nervous conduction, when during the uncomfortable sensations the fingertips whiten, since blood does not enter them.
White color on the fingertips is a distinctive symptom of such a state that is quite dangerous due to the high likelihood of fabric murder.
Cervical osteochondrosis
Shooting pain, like a discharge of current, permeates the patient from the joints of the forearm to the phalanges of the fingers.It usually becomes painfully after load on the spine.
An additional symptom is a violation of mobility in some part of the spine and pain when tilting the head.
Injury
Dislocation of the joint or severe bruise phalanx can cause sharp painful sensations.As a rule, the patient himself knows where he hit.
Visible symptoms may be a shock of the joint of the thumb or, for example, little finger, redness, local increase in temperature.
Vibrational disease
It occurs due to frequent work with vibrational mechanisms.First, it is manifested by periodic discomfort, tingling more often than the middle or ring finger of the right hand.Then Paresthesia becomes constant and goes into the loss of sensitivity and the whitewashing of phalanges from the base to the ends.
Tunnel syndrome
It is quite common in the modern world, although few know what it is.The reason is prolonged work at the computer, as a result of which the nerve leading from the wrist to the large, index, middle and ring finger is pinched.
Features of pain
- Sometimes the nature of the pain can be most likely to indicate the cause.For example, pain in the morning during bending is most likely a symptom of inflammation in the joint, in particular, arthritis;
- If the joints are swollen and twists them during pregnancy, then the aches is associated with hormonal disorders.This can be softening of the ligaments or, for example, calcium deficiency.Often breaks the joints after childbirth;
- If the fingers are poorly bend after sleep, this may be associated with the pathology of blood vessels and swelling;
- Unpleasant sensations after physical activity also indicate problems with blood vessels.It hurts not only to squeeze a fist, but also numbness is felt and convulsions are possible.
Who is susceptible to joint diseases?
The probability of problems with the joints of the fingers depends on several predisposing factors:
- Frequent infectious diseases;
- Increased load and premature joint wear;
- Age older than 40 years;
- Hormonal and metabolic disorders;
- Hypothermia and injuries.
Diagnostics
The following methods will help to diagnose why the joints began to hurt, the following methods will help:
- Radiography.Makes it possible to study the structure of the bones, accurately determine the localization of injuries and tumors;
- Tomography.The result is processed on a computer, you can get a picture of the transverse sections in the field of pathology;
- Electrospondylography.The method of studying the spine, which reveals problems in the area responsible for the work of the hands.In this way, you can identify the problem at the initial stage;
- Ultrasound.It is used less often, since the image is not as clear as with x -ray radiation;
- Puncture.The joint of the joint and the extraction of synovial fluid for subsequent research.
Additionally, the doctor may prescribe urine and blood analysis.
Which doctor treats joint diseases?
At the first complaints about twisting and aches in the bones, you should contact the therapist, who will then direct to a narrower specialist.Depending on the cause of the pathology, it can be an orthopedist, a neurologist, surgeon, traumatologist and rheumatologist.
Treatment
The basis of therapy is the drugs of the group of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.In most diseases, they help eliminate the cause and discomfort (when small or medium joints spin and sore).
With poor effectiveness, they switch to hormonal drugs.
In degenerative changes that are especially visible on the little finger and index finger, chondroprotectors should be prescribed.
Many drugs have side effects, therefore, only a doctor should be selected after determining the exact cause of the disease.
Folk methods of treatment
If the joints strongly turn and the pain reduces the quality of life, the patient can use folk remedies in parallel with medicines:
- Lnge from a mixture of vodka, honey and aloe will help relieve pain in the joints of the elbows and hands;
- Infusion of lingonberry berries and leaves - they drink it inside, like tea.Removes discomfort in the little finger, ring and other fingers, and is often used for arthrosis;
- A piece of propolis is mixed with sunflower oil, getting an ointment.Her fingertips should be easily rubbed into sore joints.